Free fatty acid receptor 4 (FFAR4, GPR120), is a member of the rhodopsin family of 7-transmembrane domain G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). GPR120/FFAR4 is activated by long chain fatty acids. The protein is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). GPR120 is associated to insulin sensitizing, anti-inflammatory, and fat metabolism. Evidence shows that GPR120 may be involved in the development of obesity in mice and humans^1-4. GPR120 regulates various physiological processes, including gut hormone secretion, islet function, osteoclastogenesis, anti-inflammation, and adipogenesis^2-4.

GPR120 binds to omega-3 fatty acids and stabilizes the metabolic homeostasis through a cascade of physiological activities. GPR120 exerts its physiological effects through one of two pathways that involves either G_αq or β-arrestin^2,3.

GPR120 has been shown to be ubiquitously expressed and is primarily detected in the intestine, adipocytes, and pro-inflammatory macrophages^1,2.